Chapter 2.9® - Pricing of Bonds - Present Value of a Bond Premium - Premium on Bonds Payable Journal Entry, Bond Premium Cash Flows & Repayment Upon Maturity

• Part 2.1 - Issuing Bonds Payable & Long-Term Notes Payable, Advantages & Disadvantages of Bonds Payable, Par Value & Bond Certificates
• Part 2.2 - Example of Return on Equity & Raising Capital through Bonds & Shares and its Effects on Return on Equity - Issuance of Common Shares versus Bonds Payable
• Part 2.3 - Types of Bonds - Secured & Unsecured, Term & Serial bonds, Registered & Bearer bonds, Convertible & Callable bonds
• Part 2.4 - How Are Bonds Issue? How do you Trade Bonds? Bond Premiums & Discounts - Contract Rate versus Market Rates
• Part 2.5 - Issuing Bonds at Par (100% of Face Value) - Bonds Payable & Interest Expense Journal Entries, Issuing Bonds Between Interest Dates
• Part 2.6 - Pricing of Bonds - Present Value of a Bond Discount (Contract Rate is less than Effective Interest Rate) & Associated Journal Entries
• Part 2.7 - Balance Sheet Presentation of Bond Discount (Long Term Liabilities) & Amortizing a Bond Discount
• Part 2.8 - Straight Line Amortization Method of Bonds Payable & Bond Amortization Schedule versus Effective Interest Method of Bonds Amortization
• Part 2.9 - Pricing of Bonds - Present Value of a Bond Premium - Premium on Bonds Payable Journal Entry, Bond Premium Cash Flows & Repayment Upon Maturity
• Part 2.91 - Amortizing a Bond Premium Interest Expense – Straight Line Method & Effective Interest Method Example
• Part 2.92 - Accruing Bond Interest Expense - Journal Entry to Accrue Bond Interest Payable & Amortization of Bond Premium
• Part 2.93 - Retirement of Bonds at Maturity, Before Maturity and by Converting to Shares - Exercising a Bond Call Option, Book Market Value & Call Back Price
• Part 2.94 - Glossary of Bonds Payable Terms

Assume Backstreet Oil Corp. offers a $100,000 par value bond with a contract interest rate of 15% with interest payable annually and a 4 year bond life. The market rate for this type of bond as of that date is 13% meaning the bond is selling at a premium because the contract rate (15%) offered is greater than the market rate (13%). This means buyers of this bond will bid up the market price until the yield will equal the market rate. We will use the market rate of Backstreet’s bonds to calculate the present value of the bonds by using its future cash flows (coupon interest payments).

In the example from the bond discounts, the term was semi-annually (2 times a year when coupon interest payments are made). However in this example, interest is paid every annually (every 12 months) so we have to factor this in to account when finding the present value from the present value table.
We will need to find the present value of:

This graph (above) shows the breakdown of the total cost of bonds payable (excluding interest payments) including the discounted present value of the bonds ($61,300), the par value of the bond ($100,000) and the premium price of the bond ($105,910 - $100,000 = $5,910).

The above table shows that if 13% is the annual market rate for Backstreet’s bonds, the maximum price that buyers will be willing to pay is $105,910 which is ultimately the issue price of the bonds on the accounting books of Backstreet Oil Corp. The accounting journal entry to record this transaction is:

This obligates Backstreet Oil Corp. to pay out $15,000 annually in interest payments, as well as pay back the original amount of $100,000 upon maturity of the bonds (which will happen on January 1st, 2013). The below graph shows the expected bond premium coupon payments and the dates when Backstreet Corp. will have to pay them out.

This graph above shows the annual bond interest (coupon) payments of $15,000 that are to be made to bondholders. The bond payments will be made starting December 31st, 2009 to December 31st, 2012 totalling 4 payments of $15,000 each equaling $60,000 over the life of the bonds.

Backstreet Corp. receives $105,910 for its bonds and will have to repay bondholders $100,000 after 4 years, and total interest payments of $15,000 a year x 4 years = $60,000. Because the $5,910 is not repaid to bondholders, it reduces the expense of using $105,910 for 4 years. The schedule below helps us calculated total bond interest expense.

Alternative Calculation